Emotional Disturbance is classified by IDEA as:

(A) An inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors.
(B) An inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships with peers and teachers.
(C) Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances.
(D) A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression.
(E) A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems.

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However, an easier way to understand this is anything associated with mental health or severe behavioral issues.

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For more information, please visit:

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http://www.specialeducationguide.com/disability-profiles/emotional-disturbance/

http://www.ccbd.net/about/ebddefintion